The cannabis industry in Oregon has been evolving rapidly, with significant changes from year to year. The adaptation to varying weather conditions and the implementation of new cultivation techniques are crucial for the success of growers in the state. This article delves into the innovative approaches adopted by local farmers, the impact of weather on crop production, and how these factors shape the overall market dynamics.
The harvest: tracking the trends
In recent years, Oregon’s cannabis harvest volumes have fluctuated. Last year’s harvest saw nearly 5.4 million pounds of sun-grown marijuana, a slight increase from 2022 but still below the 6.4 million pounds collected in 2021, according to the Oregon Liquor and Cannabis Commission. So far, growers have reported a production of 2.3 million pounds this season, although complete data is yet to be compiled.
The diversity in genetics plays a significant role in managing these fluctuations. Farmers like Rhea Miller from Millerville Farms focus on selecting strains that taste good and withstand the state’s unpredictable weather patterns. Her farm, located in Cave Junction, particularly emphasizes cultivating resilient strains.
Genetic diversity and flavor profiles
Miller notes that genetic variety helps combat the challenges posed by inconsistent weather. Some strains, despite their appealing characteristics, such as Purple Wreck—a hybrid of Purple Urkle and Trainwreck—are notably sensitive to Oregon’s climate. These plants require careful management and often need to be harvested early to prevent mold damage.
Millerville Farms has employed several strategies, including doubling its drying space to 4000 square feet since 2018. By filling this expanded area twice during the harvest season, they can manage their yield more efficiently. This approach is part of a broader effort to ensure high-quality output regardless of environmental pressures.
Adapting to weather conditions
This year, the relatively dry conditions during the transplanting phase presented unique challenges for hemp farmers in Oregon. However, this has also provided opportunities for innovation. According to Govinda Shrestha, a statewide hemp extension specialist and entomologist at Oregon State University, there’s been a noticeable shift towards rack drying and even freeze-drying methods for CBD extraction. These techniques help mitigate labor costs and maintain product quality.
Moreover, the state’s flower hemp production leads nationally, highlighting Oregon’s prominent position in the industry. Diversified harvesting techniques not only improve efficiency but also enhance the ability of farmers to cope with labor-intensive processes traditionally associated with hand-drying flowers.
Rolling harvest techniques
Another approach gaining traction among Oregon growers is the rolling harvest technique. At Millerville Farms, light-step flowers grown in greenhouses using blackout tarps to control sunlight exposure are harvested in July. This method allows for better control over the growth cycle, ensuring a consistent supply of high-quality cannabis throughout the season.
Such practices illustrate how diverse strategies and adaptive measures are essential for navigating the complexities of outdoor cannabis farming. Each decision regarding plant genetics, drying methods, and harvesting times can significantly influence the overall outcome and profitability.
Challenges and market volatility
Despite advancements in cultivation practices, Oregon cannabis farmers face notable challenges, particularly market volatility. With no standard pricing set until the entire state’s harvest is accounted for, many growers remain uncertain about their potential earnings. Obie Strickler, founder and CEO of Grown Rogue, explains that the lack of contracts with manufacturers adds a layer of financial unpredictability.
Most growers prepare for various price points, considering $200 per pound as a break-even cost while being optimistic about reaching $400 or higher. The disparity emphasizes the economic instability within the industry, making strategic planning and adaptive practices even more critical.
Preparing for uncertainty
The volatile nature of the market means that farmers must always be ready for both the best and worst-case scenarios. Investments in infrastructure, such as increased drying capacity and enhanced pest management protocols, are vital to handle unexpected shifts in demand and pricing.
A proactive approach to weather-related risks also includes monitoring and responding to wildfire incidents. As Rhea Miller mentions, less severe fire seasons benefit farmers by reducing ash contamination and potential crop loss. Nonetheless, ongoing vigilance and readiness for rapid response are key aspects of successful cannabis farming in Oregon.
Without attributing specific conclusions, it becomes evident that the resilience and adaptability of Oregon’s cannabis growers are pivotal to their success. By leveraging diverse genetic profiles, implementing innovative drying and harvesting techniques, and preparing for market uncertainties, these farmers remain leaders in the industry. Their ability to navigate climatic challenges and economic volatility illustrates the dynamic nature of cannabis cultivation in the region.